In which cellular organelle does photosynthesis occur?

Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, which are specialized organelles found in the cells of plants and some protists. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, the pigment that captures light energy from the sun, which is then used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen through a series of chemical reactions. This process is essential for converting solar energy into chemical energy, ultimately supporting life on Earth as it forms the basis of the food chain.

Understanding the function of chloroplasts emphasizes their role not only in energy production for the plant itself but also in releasing oxygen into the atmosphere, which is crucial for the respiration of most living organisms.