What distinguishes stem cells from other cells?

Stem cells are characterized by their undifferentiated state, which means they have the unique ability to develop into many different cell types. This potential allows them to differentiate into specialized cells such as muscle, nerve, or blood cells, depending on the signals they receive from their environment. This versatility is what makes stem cells particularly significant in developmental biology and regenerative medicine.

By contrast, the other options do not accurately describe stem cells. While specific functions are associated with differentiated cells, stem cells have the capacity to take on various roles as they develop, which is a crucial aspect of their function. Although stem cells can be found in embryos, they also exist in various tissues in adult organisms, such as bone marrow and skin, making them more widely distributed than just in embryonic stages. Additionally, stem cells do have the ability to divide and multiply, which is essential for their role in growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues. Thus, the defining characteristic of stem cells is their undifferentiated nature and capability for differentiation into multiple cell types.