What is the main role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Chlorophyll's primary function in photosynthesis is to absorb light energy. This green pigment, found in the chloroplasts of plant cells, captures sunlight, which is necessary for converting carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. The energy absorbed by chlorophyll excites electrons, starting a series of reactions in the light-dependent phase of photosynthesis. This process leads to the production of ATP and NADPH, which are energy carriers used in the subsequent light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) to synthesize glucose.

While chlorophyll plays a crucial role in facilitating the release of oxygen and is involved in the processes that contribute to energy transformation, its main task is the absorption of light energy, without which photosynthesis would not occur efficiently. Thus, understanding chlorophyll's role focuses on its property of capturing light energy pivotal for driving the entire photosynthetic process.