Which process can be affected by the presence of endotoxins?

Endotoxins are components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and can significantly influence the immune system. When these toxins are released into the body, they are recognized by immune cells, leading to the activation of an immune response. This can include the release of various cytokines and other inflammatory mediators, which can result in symptoms such as fever, inflammation, and in severe cases, septic shock.

In contrast, while protein synthesis, cellular respiration, and DNA replication are crucial cellular processes, they are generally not directly impacted by endotoxins in the same way that the immune response is. Endotoxins have a more profound role in modulating the immune system, which can lead to a variety of health complications depending on the severity and duration of exposure. Understanding this role is essential for comprehending how the body reacts to bacterial infections and the significance of managing endotoxin levels in clinical settings.